The Role of DEXA Scans in Preventing Fractures in Older Adults

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A person’s risk of fracture increases with age, often due to declining bone density. Identifying and addressing low bone density early can contribute significantly to reducing this risk. A dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan can help assess bone health and play an innovative role in fracture prevention. This article aims to explore how DEXA scans work, who they benefit, and how their results can be used to support bone health in older adults.

Table of Contents

What Is a DEXA Scan and How Does It Work?

A DEXA scan is an imaging test designed to measure bone mineral density. It uses two X-ray beams at different energy levels to evaluate the strength of bones and detect potential loss of density. By comparing results to standard reference values, healthcare professionals gain insights into a person’s current bone health.

The procedure is noninvasive and typically quick. During the scan, the individual lies on a flat surface while a scanning arm passes over their body. The process usually focuses on common fracture sites such as the hips, spine, and forearms. The test emits minimal radiation, making it safe for repeated use when monitoring changes in bone density over time.

Who Should Get a DEXA Scan to Assess Fracture Risk?

DEXA scans are most commonly recommended for older adults, particularly women who have gone through menopause. Hormonal changes during this period can accelerate bone loss, which increases the likelihood of fractures. Men over a certain age, especially those with risk factors like a history of fractures, are also encouraged to undergo testing.

Certain medical conditions may also necessitate screening. Individuals diagnosed with osteoporosis, osteopenia, or those undergoing long-term corticosteroid treatment may benefit from periodic DEXA scans. Lifestyle factors such as smoking, heavy alcohol use, and low body weight can also influence bone health and indicate the need for assessment.

What Do Results Mean for Fracture Prevention?

DEXA scan results provide a T-score, which compares an individual’s bone density to that of a healthy young adult. A negative T-score indicates bone loss, with scores below -2.5 signaling osteoporosis. Diagnosing low bone density early can allow individuals to work closely with healthcare providers on specific risk-reduction strategies.

Interpreting the results often leads to personalized guidance on maintaining or improving bone health. This may include recommendations for changes in diet or exercise and, in some cases, medical treatment. Regular follow-up scans can help track the effectiveness of these measures and monitor changes in bone density over time.

What Are the Next Steps After a Low Bone Density Diagnosis?

For individuals diagnosed with low bone density, there are practical steps to help minimize fracture risk and support bone health. Professionals often recommend dietary changes to increase calcium and vitamin D intake, as these nutrients contribute to stronger bones. Weight-bearing and resistance exercises may also be suggested to improve bone strength and balance.

Medications may be part of the treatment plan. Healthcare providers aim to recommend options that suit the specific needs of each patient. Routine follow-ups and additional scans can monitor progress and determine if further adjustments are needed. By taking these steps, patients can work toward reducing the chance of fractures.

Schedule an Appointment Today

A DEXA scan offers valuable insights into bone health that can support efforts to prevent fractures, particularly in older adults. By assessing bone density, this test provides a clear starting point for proactive measures aimed at reducing fracture risk. If you or a loved one are concerned about bone health, schedule an appointment today to learn more about how this assessment may help.